9+ Shocking Reasons Why Dr. Phil Got Divorced?


9+ Shocking Reasons Why Dr. Phil Got Divorced?

The question of the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage is a matter of public record and curiosity. It pertains to the end of his relationship with his first wife, Debbie Higgins, whom he married in 1970. The separation occurred relatively early in his adult life, before his widespread fame as a television personality and self-help expert.

Understanding the reasons behind a celebrity’s divorce often stems from a desire to comprehend the complexities of relationships, regardless of status. In Dr. McGraw’s case, this period predates his established professional identity. Exploring the circumstances provides insight into the formative years that shaped his understanding of interpersonal dynamics, a topic central to his later career. Furthermore, examining such experiences offers a historical context, revealing how personal challenges can influence professional paths.

While speculation abounds, documented sources generally point to factors related to his focus on career pursuits and the divergent paths the couple ultimately took. The details surrounding the end of the relationship reveal key differences in their aspirations and expectations for the future. Examining these elements offers a clearer perspective on the events that led to the conclusion of their marriage.

1. Career aspirations

Career aspirations played a significant, potentially decisive, role in the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage. At the time, his pursuit of academic and professional advancement likely consumed a substantial portion of his time and energy. This focus on building a career, particularly in the early stages, can inadvertently create an imbalance within a marriage. The dedication required for such endeavors can lead to reduced shared time, diminished emotional connection, and a divergence in the couple’s priorities. These conditions contribute to marital strain and may ultimately result in separation.

For instance, consider the documented instances of individuals prioritizing career advancement over personal relationships. The demands of climbing the corporate ladder, establishing a private practice, or pursuing advanced degrees necessitate significant sacrifices. These sacrifices frequently impact the spousal relationship, leading to feelings of neglect, resentment, or incompatibility. In Dr. McGraw’s case, his dedication to his educational and professional pursuits may have inadvertently created a distance between himself and his then-wife, fostering an environment where differing aspirations overshadowed the foundational bonds of their marriage.

Understanding the influence of career aspirations on marital outcomes offers valuable insight into the complexities of balancing personal and professional life. Recognizing the potential for such conflict allows individuals to proactively address imbalances, fostering open communication and prioritizing shared goals. Furthermore, acknowledging the significant role of career-driven ambition in marital dissolution underscores the importance of aligning personal values and expectations before entering into a long-term commitment. The experience highlights the necessity for couples to continually reassess their shared vision for the future, ensuring that individual ambitions do not inadvertently erode the foundations of their relationship.

2. Divergent goals

The divergence of goals between individuals within a marriage often serves as a catalyst for dissolution. In the context of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage, an examination of differing life aspirations provides critical insight into the underlying causes of its termination. The alignment of future objectives is paramount for long-term marital success, and misalignment can create irreconcilable differences.

  • Personal Growth Trajectories

    Individual growth trajectories can significantly deviate over time. One partner may prioritize career advancement and academic pursuits, while the other may focus on family and domestic stability. If these diverging paths are not mutually supportive and understood, resentment and detachment can ensue. The emphasis on individual achievement over shared aspirations erodes the foundational unity of the marriage, making long-term cohesion improbable.

  • Changing Priorities

    As individuals mature, their priorities often shift. What was initially valued, such as shared social circles or leisure activities, may become less significant. One partner may develop new interests or seek different life experiences that the other does not share or support. This divergence in priorities creates a sense of emotional distance and undermines the common ground upon which the relationship was built. The ability to adapt and incorporate evolving priorities becomes crucial for sustained marital stability.

  • Career versus Domesticity

    The conflict between career ambitions and domestic responsibilities frequently contributes to marital discord. One partner’s intense focus on career advancement may lead to neglect of household duties, childcare, or emotional support. This imbalance can create significant strain and resentment, particularly if both partners hold differing expectations about their respective roles within the marriage. Unequal contributions and a lack of shared responsibility undermine the sense of partnership and fairness, contributing to marital breakdown.

  • Geographic Aspirations

    Discrepancies in geographic aspirations represent another facet of divergent goals. One partner may desire to relocate for career opportunities or personal reasons, while the other may prefer to remain in their current location due to family ties, established social networks, or personal preferences. This conflict in desired locations can create significant tension and necessitate difficult compromises. When one partner feels compelled to sacrifice their geographic preferences for the sake of the marriage, resentment can fester and ultimately contribute to marital dissatisfaction.

In summary, divergent goals encompass a range of conflicting aspirations and priorities that can undermine marital harmony. The misalignment of personal growth trajectories, shifting priorities, the imbalance between career and domesticity, and discrepancies in geographic aspirations all contribute to an erosion of shared vision and mutual support. These factors, when left unaddressed, ultimately culminate in irreconcilable differences, offering a plausible explanation for the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage.

3. Early marriage

The concept of early marriage, characterized by unions formed in the late teens or early twenties, holds significance when examining the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage. Entering matrimony at a young age introduces unique challenges that can contribute to marital instability, impacting long-term compatibility and shared life vision.

  • Undeveloped Identity

    Marrying before fully establishing individual identity can hinder long-term compatibility. Personal values, career aspirations, and life goals are often still in formative stages during early adulthood. As individuals mature and their identities solidify, divergent paths may emerge, creating a disconnect within the marital relationship. The lack of a firmly defined self at the onset of the marriage can lead to mismatched expectations and priorities, fostering an environment conducive to separation.

  • Limited Life Experience

    Individuals entering marriage at a young age typically possess limited life experience, particularly in navigating complex interpersonal relationships and managing conflict. This lack of experience can impede effective communication and problem-solving skills within the marriage. Immature conflict resolution strategies and an inability to effectively address challenges can erode the marital bond and contribute to eventual dissolution. The learning curve associated with early marriage is often steep, requiring significant adaptability and emotional maturity.

  • Financial Instability

    Early marriages frequently coincide with periods of financial instability. Young couples may face challenges securing stable employment, managing finances responsibly, and achieving economic independence. Financial stress can exacerbate existing marital tensions, creating a breeding ground for conflict and resentment. Economic pressures, coupled with a lack of financial literacy, can strain the marital relationship and increase the likelihood of separation.

  • Evolving Expectations

    Expectations regarding marital roles, responsibilities, and long-term goals often evolve as individuals mature. Entering marriage at a young age can result in unrealistic or ill-defined expectations that subsequently clash with evolving personal values and aspirations. Discrepancies in expectations, combined with a lack of open communication, can generate significant dissatisfaction and ultimately contribute to the dissolution of the marriage. The ability to adapt and renegotiate expectations is critical for maintaining long-term marital stability.

In conclusion, the intersection of early marriage and the factors contributing to marital dissolution highlights the unique challenges faced by young couples. Undeveloped identity, limited life experience, financial instability, and evolving expectations all contribute to an increased risk of marital instability. Understanding these challenges provides valuable insight into the complexities of early marriage and offers a lens through which to examine the circumstances surrounding the end of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage.

4. Personal growth

Personal growth, the ongoing process of self-improvement and development, bears a significant connection to marital stability. When individuals within a marriage experience disparate rates or directions of personal growth, the resulting divergence can contribute to the dissolution of the relationship.

  • Evolving Values and Beliefs

    As individuals mature, their values and beliefs may undergo substantial transformation. These evolving perspectives can impact fundamental aspects of the marriage, such as child-rearing practices, financial priorities, and lifestyle choices. Discrepancies in core values create friction and erode the shared foundation upon which the marriage was built. In cases where one partner undergoes significant value shifts while the other remains relatively unchanged, irreconcilable differences may arise.

  • Career and Intellectual Pursuits

    Personal growth often manifests through career advancements and intellectual pursuits. One partner may dedicate substantial time and energy to professional development, leading to increased knowledge, skills, and career opportunities. This growth trajectory may inadvertently create a power imbalance within the relationship or lead to divergent social circles and interests. The partner not experiencing similar career or intellectual growth may feel left behind, resulting in resentment and a sense of disconnect.

  • Emotional Maturity and Self-Awareness

    Emotional maturity and self-awareness are critical components of personal growth. As individuals develop a deeper understanding of their emotions, needs, and communication styles, they become better equipped to navigate conflict and build healthy relationships. However, if one partner lags behind in emotional development, the imbalance can create communication barriers and hinder the ability to resolve conflicts constructively. This disparity in emotional maturity often leads to misunderstandings, resentment, and ultimately, marital dissatisfaction.

  • Changing Interests and Hobbies

    Personal growth often involves the exploration of new interests and hobbies. One partner may develop a passion for activities that the other does not share or support. This divergence in leisure pursuits can diminish shared time and create a sense of emotional distance. While individual interests are essential for personal fulfillment, a lack of shared activities and common ground can erode the connection between partners and contribute to marital strain.

The influence of personal growth on marital stability underscores the importance of mutual support and adaptability within a relationship. When partners actively encourage and embrace each other’s individual growth trajectories, they are better equipped to navigate the challenges that arise from evolving values, career pursuits, emotional maturity, and changing interests. Conversely, when personal growth leads to divergence and disconnection, the marriage is at increased risk of dissolution, reflecting the complexities inherent in long-term relationships and individual development.

5. Evolving priorities

Evolving priorities represent a significant factor influencing the trajectory of marital relationships. The shifting landscape of personal and professional goals can introduce strain and, in some cases, contribute to dissolution. This exploration examines the connection between evolving priorities and the reasons behind Dr. Phil McGraw’s first divorce, highlighting potential aspects of their interplay.

  • Career Focus Shift

    Early career ambitions often take precedence in young marriages. However, as individuals progress, their focus may shift. Initial aspirations of financial stability can evolve into desires for greater professional fulfillment, recognition, or influence. This change in emphasis can lead to increased time investment in career pursuits, potentially diminishing attention and energy devoted to the marital relationship. In Dr. McGraw’s situation, a growing professional commitment could have inadvertently altered the dynamic, contributing to divergent paths.

  • Changing Personal Values

    Personal values are not static; they often evolve throughout life. A couple who initially share similar values may find their perspectives diverging over time, influencing lifestyle choices, parenting styles, and long-term goals. For example, one partner may prioritize material wealth while the other increasingly values experiences and personal growth. These shifts can create conflict and strain, potentially leading to incompatibility and marital breakdown. The degree to which Dr. McGraw’s personal values aligned with those of his first wife over time likely played a role in the relationship’s trajectory.

  • Family Planning Discrepancies

    Initial agreements regarding family size and timing can be subject to change. One partner may develop a stronger desire for children while the other remains hesitant, or vice versa. These differing perspectives on family planning can create significant tension and lead to irreconcilable differences. Decisions related to family formation represent pivotal moments in a marriage, and discrepancies in desired outcomes can contribute to long-term dissatisfaction. The concurrence of Dr. McGraw and his first wife’s perspectives on family planning could have influenced the relationship’s stability.

  • Social and Lifestyle Changes

    Social circles and lifestyle preferences can evolve as individuals mature. One partner may develop new interests or seek different social interactions that the other does not share or enjoy. This divergence in lifestyle can diminish shared time and create a sense of emotional distance. As individuals pursue separate social lives and activities, the marital bond can weaken. The extent to which Dr. McGraw and his first wife maintained shared social and lifestyle interests likely influenced the closeness and connection within their marriage.

In summary, evolving priorities encompass a broad spectrum of changing aspirations and values that can significantly impact marital dynamics. Shifts in career focus, personal values, family planning, and social lifestyles contribute to a complex interplay that may, in some cases, result in marital dissolution. Understanding these evolving priorities provides context for the complexities of long-term relationships and offers insight into potential factors contributing to the end of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage.

6. Lack of alignment

A deficit in alignment, encompassing core values, life goals, and communication styles, represents a critical factor contributing to marital discord and potential dissolution. In the context of understanding the termination of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage, examining areas of misalignment provides valuable insight into the underlying dynamics that may have led to separation.

  • Discrepancies in Core Values

    Fundamental differences in core values, such as those pertaining to ethics, morality, and family obligations, can create significant friction within a marriage. For instance, if one partner prioritizes career success above all else, while the other places greater emphasis on family relationships, a conflict in values arises. Over time, these discrepancies erode mutual respect and understanding, leading to resentment and emotional distance. Considering Dr. McGraw’s burgeoning career during his early marriage, potential value conflicts may have contributed to misalignment with his then-wifes priorities.

  • Misalignment of Life Goals

    A lack of agreement regarding long-term life goals, including career aspirations, geographic preferences, and family planning, frequently undermines marital stability. If one partner envisions a nomadic lifestyle centered around professional opportunities, while the other desires a settled existence rooted in community and family, a fundamental misalignment exists. These diverging paths create tension and compromise the couple’s ability to navigate shared decisions. The differing ambitions of Dr. McGraw and his first wife, particularly during a period of career development, may have contributed to a divergence in life goals.

  • Incompatible Communication Styles

    Incompatible communication styles, characterized by differing approaches to expressing emotions, resolving conflicts, and providing support, can create persistent communication barriers. For example, one partner may prefer direct and assertive communication, while the other favors a more indirect and passive approach. These contrasting styles lead to misunderstandings, misinterpretations, and a diminished ability to effectively address marital challenges. Deficiencies in effective communication, either in expressing needs or resolving disagreements, may have impacted the resilience of Dr. McGraws first marriage.

  • Differing Expectations of Marital Roles

    Incongruent expectations regarding marital roles and responsibilities can create resentment and strain. If one partner expects a traditional division of labor, while the other envisions a more egalitarian approach, conflict ensues. Unclear or unspoken expectations can lead to dissatisfaction and a sense of inequity within the relationship. Considering the societal context of the time, the evolving roles of men and women in marriage might have created friction if expectations regarding marital responsibilities were not clearly aligned.

In conclusion, a lack of alignment encompasses a spectrum of potential discrepancies that can undermine marital harmony. From differing core values and life goals to incompatible communication styles and marital role expectations, these misalignments create friction, erode understanding, and ultimately contribute to marital instability. Understanding these facets of misalignment provides a framework for analyzing the dynamics that may have played a role in the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage.

7. Communication challenges

Effective communication serves as a cornerstone of marital stability. Conversely, persistent communication challenges can significantly undermine a relationship’s foundation, contributing to discord and potential dissolution. In the context of understanding the factors behind Dr. Phil McGraw’s first divorce, exploring communication difficulties offers a valuable perspective.

  • Ineffective Conflict Resolution

    Inability to constructively address disagreements is a major communication hurdle. Couples employing avoidance or aggression during conflict create an environment of unresolved issues. Suppressed emotions fester, leading to resentment and emotional distance. Effective conflict resolution involves active listening, empathy, and a willingness to compromise. The absence of these skills can escalate minor disagreements into major conflicts, potentially contributing to marital breakdown. The degree to which Dr. McGraw and his first wife effectively managed disagreements would have been a significant factor.

  • Lack of Emotional Intimacy

    Emotional intimacy, characterized by open sharing of feelings and vulnerabilities, is vital for marital bonding. Communication barriers can hinder emotional intimacy, leading to feelings of isolation and loneliness. Individuals may struggle to express their needs, fears, and desires, creating a disconnect between partners. This lack of emotional closeness erodes the sense of connection and shared vulnerability necessary for a strong marital relationship. A deficit in emotional intimacy, fostered by communication barriers, could have played a role in the eventual separation.

  • Poor Active Listening Skills

    Active listening, involving focused attention and empathetic understanding, is crucial for effective communication. Partners who interrupt, dismiss, or fail to truly listen to each other create communication breakdowns. This lack of attentiveness conveys a sense of invalidation and disregard, hindering meaningful dialogue. The ability to actively listen and demonstrate empathy fosters understanding and strengthens the emotional connection between partners. Inadequate active listening skills would have impeded effective communication and contributed to misunderstandings.

  • Unclear or Indirect Communication

    Ambiguous or indirect communication can lead to misunderstandings and misinterpretations. When individuals fail to express their needs and desires clearly, their partners are left to guess, often inaccurately. This lack of clarity creates confusion and frustration, eroding trust and fostering resentment. Direct and honest communication is essential for building a strong and healthy marital relationship. The presence of unclear or indirect communication patterns could have contributed to friction and misunderstanding within the marriage.

Communication challenges, encompassing ineffective conflict resolution, lack of emotional intimacy, poor active listening skills, and unclear communication, can significantly weaken marital foundations. Addressing these communication barriers is crucial for fostering understanding, building emotional connection, and sustaining long-term marital stability. Considering the importance of these skills, it is plausible that challenges in these areas contributed to the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage, highlighting communication’s importance in marital success.

8. Individual ambitions

Individual ambitions, particularly when divergent and intensely pursued, can significantly impact marital stability. When examining the factors contributing to the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage, the role of individual ambitions warrants careful consideration. The pursuit of personal and professional goals often demands considerable time, energy, and resources, potentially creating an imbalance within a marital relationship. If one partner’s ambitions overshadow the shared goals and needs of the couple, strain and resentment can develop, leading to a breakdown in communication and emotional connection. In this specific instance, it is posited that Dr. McGraws developing career may have taken priority, therefore contributing to a lack of balance between his personal life.

Historical accounts of divorces, both within and outside of the public eye, frequently cite the divergence of individual ambitions as a contributing factor. Consider examples where one partner dedicates themselves to a demanding career while the other seeks a more family-oriented lifestyle. These differing aspirations can create a chasm that proves difficult to bridge. Successful long-term marriages often involve a degree of compromise and mutual support, where both partners actively facilitate each other’s ambitions while maintaining a shared vision for the future. When this reciprocal support diminishes or one partner feels their ambitions are consistently devalued or sidelined, marital discord can escalate. The challenge is not necessarily in having ambitions, but in navigating them in a way that strengthens, rather than undermines, the marital bond.

Understanding the interplay between individual ambitions and marital stability has practical significance for couples entering or navigating long-term relationships. Open communication, mutual respect for each other’s goals, and a willingness to compromise are essential elements. Couples should proactively discuss their individual ambitions and create a shared plan that accommodates both their personal and professional aspirations. Recognizing the potential for ambition to become a source of conflict allows couples to address imbalances and proactively foster a mutually supportive environment. In summation, while the specific reasons behind any divorce are multifaceted, the impact of divergent individual ambitions deserves recognition as a potentially significant contributing factor to relationship dissolution.

9. Insufficient compromise

Insufficient compromise, defined as the inability or unwillingness of partners to concede on disagreements and accommodate each other’s needs and desires, stands as a significant factor in marital dissolution. The absence of compromise creates a power imbalance, fostering resentment and undermining the sense of partnership crucial for long-term marital success. In the context of examining the termination of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage, the presence of insufficient compromise is a salient consideration. While specific details of their private interactions remain confidential, a pattern of inadequate compromise, whether concerning career priorities, lifestyle choices, or personal aspirations, could have substantially contributed to the relationship’s breakdown. Many marriages require both parties to meet halfway on key matters to avoid dissatisfaction or frustration in the other party.

Historical analyses of divorce reveal a consistent pattern: a deficiency in compromise erodes communication and fuels conflict. Consider situations where one partner consistently prioritizes their career at the expense of family time, refuses to accommodate their spouse’s needs, or remains inflexible in the face of disagreements. These scenarios exemplify insufficient compromise and demonstrate its corrosive effect on marital harmony. The inability to find mutually acceptable solutions to challenges, whether related to finances, parenting, or social activities, creates a climate of resentment and undermines the foundations of trust and respect. A lack of compromise often manifests in a rigid adherence to personal preferences, disregarding the impact on the partner and the overall health of the relationship.

The importance of compromise in a marriage relationship cannot be overstated. A lack of compromise often contributes to the buildup of small unresolved issues that eventually lead to a breakup. In conclusion, insufficient compromise is a significant indicator in marital issues, whether discussing Dr. Phil’s divorce or other divorce cases. Marriages often require patience, sacrifice, and a willingness to adapt for the other party.

Frequently Asked Questions

This section addresses common inquiries regarding the dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage, providing factual insights and dispelling potential misconceptions.

Question 1: When did Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage end?

Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage to Debbie Higgins concluded in 1973, approximately three years after their marriage in 1970.

Question 2: What are the commonly cited reasons for the divorce?

Career aspirations, divergent goals, and potential immaturity associated with early marriage are commonly cited as contributing factors to the end of the relationship.

Question 3: Did Dr. McGraw’s career play a significant role in the separation?

It is plausible that Dr. McGraw’s focus on academic and professional pursuits placed a strain on the marriage, potentially contributing to a divergence in priorities and diminished shared time.

Question 4: Were there significant differences in the couple’s life goals?

Divergent long-term aspirations, including career ambitions, family planning, and lifestyle preferences, may have created irreconcilable differences between Dr. McGraw and his first wife.

Question 5: How did the age at which they married factor into the outcome?

The couple married at a young age, which often coincides with a lack of fully developed identities and limited life experience. These factors can impede effective communication and conflict resolution within a marriage.

Question 6: Is there official documentation detailing the specific reasons for the divorce?

Detailed official records outlining the precise reasons for the divorce are not readily available to the public. Information is generally based on secondary sources and inferences drawn from publicly accessible biographical information.

Understanding the complexities surrounding marital dissolution necessitates considering a range of contributing factors. While the exact reasons for Dr. McGraw’s first divorce remain largely speculative, examining these frequently asked questions offers a framework for comprehending potential influences.

The following section will transition to a review of key considerations.

Marital Stability

The dissolution of Dr. Phil McGraw’s first marriage offers valuable lessons for fostering robust and enduring relationships. The following insights, derived from examining potential contributing factors to the separation, can serve as guidance for navigating the complexities of long-term commitments.

Tip 1: Prioritize Open and Honest Communication: Communication forms the bedrock of any successful partnership. Establish clear and consistent channels for expressing needs, concerns, and aspirations. Practice active listening, ensuring that both partners feel heard and understood. A failure to communicate effectively can create misunderstandings and breed resentment.

Tip 2: Cultivate Shared Goals and Values: Aligning fundamental values and establishing shared life goals are essential for maintaining long-term compatibility. Engage in ongoing conversations about individual and collective aspirations, ensuring that both partners are working towards a common vision for the future. Divergence in values and goals can create irreconcilable differences.

Tip 3: Embrace Flexibility and Adaptability: Life is dynamic, and personal circumstances inevitably evolve over time. A willingness to adapt to changing priorities, career trajectories, and personal growth is crucial for marital stability. Rigidity and an unwillingness to compromise can erode the foundations of a relationship.

Tip 4: Support Individual Ambitions: Encourage and support each other’s individual pursuits and professional aspirations. Mutual support fosters a sense of partnership and contributes to individual fulfillment. Balancing individual ambitions with shared marital goals is essential for maintaining equilibrium within the relationship.

Tip 5: Nurture Emotional Intimacy: Emotional intimacy, characterized by vulnerability, empathy, and shared emotional experiences, is paramount for maintaining a strong bond. Create opportunities for intimate connection and emotional expression. A lack of emotional intimacy can lead to feelings of isolation and detachment.

Tip 6: Seek Professional Guidance When Needed: Do not hesitate to seek professional help from a qualified therapist or counselor when facing marital challenges. An objective third party can provide valuable insights and guidance for navigating complex issues. Addressing challenges proactively can prevent escalation and promote healthier communication patterns.

By embracing these principles, couples can proactively cultivate a more resilient and fulfilling partnership. The lessons gleaned from examining relationship challenges, such as those potentially experienced by Dr. Phil McGraw, underscore the importance of intentional effort and ongoing commitment in fostering enduring marital bonds.

The subsequent section will provide a concluding summary of key considerations.

Why Did Dr. Phil Get Divorced

The exploration of “why did Dr. Phil get divorced” reveals a complex interplay of factors often associated with early marital dissolution. Career aspirations, divergent goals, early marriage dynamics, personal growth trajectories, evolving priorities, insufficient alignment, communication challenges, individual ambitions, and a lack of compromise emerge as potential contributors. The analysis underscores the multifaceted nature of relationship breakdown, emphasizing that no single element operates in isolation. Understanding these interconnected factors provides valuable insights into the challenges inherent in building and maintaining long-term commitments, irrespective of public stature.

The examination of these dynamics serves as a reminder of the sustained effort required to foster marital stability. Open communication, mutual respect, shared goals, and a willingness to adapt are critical components of enduring partnerships. The experience, while personal to those involved, highlights universal lessons applicable to navigating the complexities of human relationships. Further, it prompts reflection on the importance of proactive engagement in nurturing the foundational elements of a successful and fulfilling marriage.