In Missouri, a formal agreement allowing spouses to live apart while remaining legally married is termed legal separation. This contrasts with dissolution of marriage, commonly known as divorce, which terminates the marital union. The key distinction lies in marital status: legally separated individuals are still married, whereas divorced individuals are single.
The decision to pursue legal separation can offer several advantages. It allows couples time to resolve marital issues before committing to a permanent divorce. Maintaining the legal bond can also preserve benefits such as health insurance coverage and certain tax advantages. Historically, legal separation served as a precursor to divorce in jurisdictions where obtaining a divorce was difficult or prohibited. Even today, it can provide a pathway for individuals whose religious beliefs discourage divorce.