The teachings of the Roman Catholic Church maintain the sanctity of marriage as a lifelong, indissoluble union. While civil divorce may legally dissolve a marriage, the Church holds that a valid sacramental marriage remains binding in the eyes of God. This creates a complex situation for those who have divorced and subsequently wish to remarry.
The Church’s stance stems from its belief that marriage, when entered into freely and validly between two baptized persons, is a sacrament instituted by Christ. This sacramental bond, according to Catholic doctrine, reflects the unbreakable covenant between Christ and the Church. The historical development of this teaching reflects evolving understandings of marriage within theological and social contexts.