The teachings of the Roman Catholic Church hold marriage as a sacred covenant, established by God, intended to be a lifelong, indissoluble union. Consequently, the Church views the ending of a valid, sacramental marriage with grave seriousness. While civil divorce may legally dissolve a marriage, the Church maintains that it does not dissolve the sacramental bond in the eyes of God. An annulment, on the other hand, is a declaration by the Church that a valid, sacramental marriage never existed due to some impediment present from the beginning.
The significance of this perspective stems from the Churchs understanding of marriage as a reflection of the union between Christ and the Church. Maintaining the permanence of marriage is seen as vital for the stability of families and society. Historically, this stance has been consistent, rooted in interpretations of scripture and tradition. The Church acknowledges the pain and complexity surrounding marital breakdown, offering pastoral care and support to those experiencing divorce and separation. This support aims to provide spiritual guidance, counseling, and opportunities for healing.